ALTO DOURO INFORMATION

Introduction to Alto Douro
The Transmontana tourist area is basically the region of Trás-os-Montes, Beira Alta and Beira Baixa. Together, they cover the most mountainous areas of Portugal to include, Serra de Aço ,Serra de Alvão, Serra de Bornes, Serra da Estrela, Serra da Lapa, Serra do Larouco, Serra da Leomil, Serra do Mogadouro, Serra de Montezinho, Serra da Morofa and Serra de Reboredo. Of all of these the most prominent is the Serra da Estrela that rises to 1.993 metres (6.539 feet). During the winter the top area provides limited runs for skiing or tobogganing. The weather conditions are not sufficiently reliable to create a large resort for this sport but the locals are very enthusiastic. The bare granite of this range of mountains has virtually insufficient vegetation to support more than the grazing of sheep. These sheep provide the most famous cheese in all Portugal named "Serra". Like most mountain areas this is a popular place for walkers with fascinating flora and panoramic views. The Serra da Estrela has also a special breed of dog named after it. Intelligent, brave and loyal, this dog has a thick heavy coat helping it to survive in this much colder climate.

Economically this whole area is the poorest in Portugal and it is a tradition for many of the younger people to emigrate to other countries in order to make a sufficiently good living to be able to send funds back to their families. On the lower slopes and in between the mountain ranges the locals reap their living from agriculture and in the upper Rio Douro, from the production of wine and port. The main towns of this vast area are Bragança, Guarda and Portalegre. All these places are close to the border of Spain and have been important from a historical and economical point of view due to their geographical position.

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